Cognitive Dissonance Theory addresses what type of internal conflict?

Cognitive Dissonance Theory specifically focuses on the internal conflict that arises when an individual holds two or more contradictory beliefs, values, or ideas at the same time. This conflict leads to a psychological discomfort that the individual is motivated to resolve. For example, if a person values health but smokes cigarettes, they experience dissonance between their behavior and beliefs. To alleviate this discomfort, individuals may change their beliefs, justify their behavior, or minimize the importance of the conflict.

The correct option highlights this key aspect of cognitive dissonance: the presence of conflicting ideas that coexist within an individual. By addressing and resolving these conflicting thoughts, individuals can achieve a more harmonious alignment between their attitudes and actions. This understanding of cognitive dissonance is crucial for instructional designers, as it can inform strategies to motivate learners and encourage behavior change through the resolution of dissonant beliefs.