Which of the following best describes instructional scaffolding?

Instructional scaffolding is best described as a gradual reduction of support as learners gain independence. This approach is grounded in the constructivist theory of learning, where learners are initially provided with substantial assistance tailored to their individual needs in order to help them achieve their learning goals. As learners demonstrate increased competence and confidence in a particular skill or concept, the support is systematically reduced. This method not only encourages independence but also fosters critical thinking and problem-solving skills, allowing learners to take charge of their own learning process over time.

In contrast to this, other approaches listed involve more rigid or singular methods of instruction and assessment. For instance, a teaching method that favors only direct instruction limits the adaptability needed for various learners. An assessment strategy focused solely on summative results does not provide the ongoing feedback or support necessary for continuous improvement. A fixed approach to problem-solving also neglects the adaptive strategies and adjustments that scaffolding promotes, as it does not consider the varying levels of understanding among different learners.