Which of the following is an example of a formative evaluation technique?

The choice that represents an example of a formative evaluation technique focuses on methods used during the instructional process to assess student learning and understanding. Formative evaluations are designed to provide feedback to both instructors and learners while a course is still in progress, allowing for real-time adjustments to instruction and learning strategies.

Surveys or quizzes administered during a course serve this specific purpose, as they allow educators to monitor student comprehension, identify areas needing improvement, and adapt their teaching methods accordingly. This ongoing feedback loop is key to enhancing student learning experiences and outcomes, reflecting the core principles of formative evaluation.

In contrast, end-of-course assessments and final project submissions are examples of summative evaluation techniques, which assess learner performance at the end of an instructional period rather than during the process. Adaptive learning models, while they can incorporate elements of formative evaluation, are more focused on personalized learning pathways rather than direct assessments of understanding.